cognitive presentation reflection

Cognitive Presentations

1) What do you remember about each presentation? Why do you remember what you remember from certain presentations and why don’t you remember anything from certain presentations?

2) Explain in detail one of the studies in detail as if it were a quiz.

3) How does this have to do with Cognitive Psychology? Explain.

1. What I remember about each presentation is:

- Cole and Scribner (1974) Investigated memory strategies in different cultures. They compared recall of a series of words in the US and among the Kpelle people of rural Liberia. They found some striking differences in the way the Kpelle people went about remembering and solving the problems presented in the experiments. Illiterate children did not use strategies such as chunking, nor did they utilize the practice of rehearsal, however were able to recall easily when information was presented in the form of a narrative.

- War of Ghosts (1932) to prove that memory is reconstructive and that schemas influence recall. Finding: It appeared that The War of Ghosts was difficult for people from western culture to reproduce because of its unfamiliar style and content. Conclusion: This show that people make efforts after meaning it is easier for people to understand something if they have some background on it.

- Sharot (2001)

Cant remember. I was out in the bathroom.

- Clive Wearing Wearing suffers from the most extensive amnesia ever seen; both anterograde and retrograde. MRI scanning of Wearing's brain indicates damage to the hippocampus and some of the frontal regions. His episodic and semantic memory are lost, and he cannot transfer new information into long-term memory either.

- Rosenweig and Bennett (1972)

cant remember. I was out in the bathroom.

2. The study of Loftus and Palmer showed a clip of a car crash to 45 American students. The students were asked the question About how fast were the cars going when they (smashed / collided / bumped / hit / contacted) each other? The 45 students were divided into groups, and each group obtained a question with a different verb. The answers showed that the groups that had questions with the verbs wiht more intensity like "smashed," gave higher speeds than the groups that answered ot contacted and bumped. This experiment tested that language used in eyewitness testimony can alter memory. The second part of the experiment consisted of asking if they saw broken glass in the film? The groups with the more intense words had higher numbers of people claiming to remember broke glass in the film, while those with words like bumped, had less people remembering the broken glass. The film showd no broken glass, this second experiment showed that leading questions actually altered the memory a participant had for the event even after time passed.

3. Cognitive Psychology has as an assumption that the brain works as a computer and humans are processors of information. The studys show how the brain can be manipulated and studied by different experiments that show how the brain works as a computer. For example, in th eLoftus and Palmer experiment, by changing the intensity of the verb in a questions, the brain was manipulaed into acting and respondng a certain way, as would a computer.